6 Collection of source data
This Clause establishes the requirements for the collection and organization of source data. The assignment for the collection of source data is formed under 5.8. Analysis of the data collected is carried out under Clause 7. The assessment of effects on the subject of protection and the additional cultural heritage impact assessment are carried out under 7.12.
Collection is carried out after the preliminary setting of objectives and before the analysis under Clause 7. The composition is determined by the assignment of 5.8, taking into account the degree of formalization of the status (5.1.2) and the depth of development of the documentation (5.1.6). This Clause does not replace the analysis and does not reproduce the method of 7.12.
Collection forms the baseline.
6.1 General requirements for source data
6.1.1 Credibility, currency and completeness
The credibility, currency and completeness of the data are ensured. Official and verifiable sources are used. Where official data cannot be obtained, expert assessments may be used, with an indication of the source and of the degree of credibility (4.5.6).
6.1.2 Formation of the baseline
The collection of source data forms the baseline of the current state of the territory for the subsequent monitoring of the achievement of the sustainable development objectives (in accordance with Annex B). The baseline records the values of the indicators on the date of collection, and not the results of the analysis of causes and effects.
6.1.3 Completeness by fields of sustainable development
The source data shall provide a description of the current state of the territory by the four fields of Clause 4: people and community; environment and heritage; heritage economy; governance. Heritage is not singled out as an optional annex to the general data (4.1.2). The composition within the fields is refined by the assignment of 5.8 and does not require the uniform filling of all subclauses 6.2–6.8 if the assignment justifiably narrows the collection.
6.1.4 Layering
Data are collected for all layers of the historic urban landscape: the historic built fabric and planning structure, natural elements and the landscape, intangible practices and social ways of life, visual links and panoramas. Limitation of the collection to individual layers without taking their interaction into account shall not be permitted (4.3.4).
6.1.5 Spatial referencing
Data that admit spatial localization have a georeference and are referenced to the territorial units of analysis (4.5.1). Spatial referencing is a condition of the territorial model and of the cascading of targets.
6.1.6 Participation of interested parties in the collection of data
Through the mechanisms of engagement of interested parties, socio-cultural data, data on values, needs and expectations, and data on intangible heritage are collected. The formats range from questionnaires and consultations to joint mapping of values (4.2.4, 5.2.5).
A territorial assessment with the participation of interested parties precedes the refinement of objectives on the basis of the analysis results. The preliminary system of objectives has already been recorded and is not deferred until the full collection is complete.
6.1.7 Verifiability and documentability
For each kind of source data the source, the date of receipt, the method of collection and the degree of credibility are recorded. In lengthy processes a date of "freezing of the data" may be agreed that secures the comparability of the information. The data are stored in a format that provides for reuse and updating (6.9).
6.1.8 Composition of the collection and the separation of responsibility
The composition of the collection is determined by the assignment of 5.8. In the assignment and in the performance of the collection, the following are distinguished:
- data provided by the client — a state authority or a local self-government body, including documents of strategic and territorial planning, information from information systems and sectoral programmes; - data collected by the developer, including socio-cultural surveys, the inventory of value attributes, field surveys and data obtained with the participation of communities.
For each kind of information the particulars are indicated: source, date of creation, currency; the format of transfer and special conditions of use (where they exist).
6.1.9 Collection, analysis and impact assessment
The collection of source data is not an analysis of causes, a forecast or an assessment of effects. The analysis is carried out under Clause 7. The assessment of effects on the subject of protection and the additional impact assessment are carried out under 7.12. The data of 6.2 are used in the assessment under 7.12.
Kinds of data that cannot be obtained are recorded as gaps, with an assessment of the effect on the refinement of objectives and on the credibility of the analysis (5.8.3). The filling of critical gaps is included among the objectives (4.3.10) and is not masked by expert assumptions without an indication of the degree of credibility.
6.2 Data on historical and cultural heritage
The data of this subclause secure the implementation of principles 4.3.1–4.3.12 and 4.4.5 and of the objectives of 5.4.4, and are used in the analysis under 7.3 and 7.4 and in the assessment under 7.12. The priority of the preservation of the historic settlement is taken into account already at the stage of collection: the data include cultural heritage objects included in the register, identified cultural heritage objects and the subject of protection of the historic settlement.
6.2.1 Inventory of cultural heritage objects
Information is collected from the Unified state register of cultural heritage objects (monuments of history and culture) of the peoples of the Russian Federation; a list of cultural heritage objects on the territory of the historic settlement and in its zone of influence, with an indication of the category of historical and cultural significance, the type of object, and the date and number of the act placing it under state protection; documentation on the subject of protection of the historic settlement; protection-zone designs; information on identified cultural heritage objects.
6.2.2 Information on the degree of formalization of the status
The actual presence or absence of approved boundaries of the historic settlement, of an approved subject of protection and of established requirements for urban-planning regulations is recorded (5.1.2). Where formalization is insufficient, the specific gaps are recorded. This clause collects the facts of the status and does not repeat the objective-setting procedures of 5.1.2. Recommendations on the development of the documentation of the historic settlement in conjunction with the development and implementation of sustainable development documentation are given in Annex D.
6.2.3 Inventory of the attributes of historical and cultural value
An inventory is carried out of the elements of the subject of protection of the historic settlement by its items and of the attributes of the historical and cultural value of the territory, with a description of the condition of each element and attribute. The composition of the items of the subject of protection corresponds to paragraph 2 of Article 59 of Federal Law No. 73-FZ [1] and to the structure of the approved subject of protection of the historic settlement:
a) historically valuable town-forming objects — buildings and structures that form the historic built fabric, including scale, volume, structure, style, structural materials, colour scheme and decorative elements;
b) the planning structure, including its elements;
c) the spatial-volumetric structure;
d) the composition and silhouette of the built fabric — the relationship of vertical and horizontal dominants and accents;
e) the relationship between different urban spaces (open, built-up, planted);
f) compositional and visual links (panoramas), and the relationship between the natural setting and the setting created by people.
Intangible practices are inventoried under 6.2.5 and are not part of the subject of protection.
The inventory records the composition, condition and location of the elements and attributes. The assessment of vulnerability and of effects, and the mitigation hierarchy, are carried out in Clause 7 and under 7.12.
6.2.4 Data on authenticity and integrity
The source information necessary for the subsequent assessment of the authenticity and integrity of the historic environment is collected (4.3.2): form and design, materials, use and function, traditions and techniques, location and setting, perception of the place. The assessment of authenticity and integrity is carried out in 7.3; this clause does not establish the assessment procedure.
6.2.5 Intangible cultural heritage
The elements of the intangible cultural heritage of the territory are identified and documented: practices, ways of life, crafts, traditions, historical experience, traditional knowledge and skills, including those that do not at present have a material expression (4.3.5).
For each element included in the collection, the following are recorded: the name; the scale and the area of occurrence; the places, routes and spaces; the communities, groups and individuals who are bearers and practitioners; the ways of transmission, including intergenerational transmission; the contemporary meanings and functions for the communities; the associated urban resources. The inventory is carried out with the participation of the communities.
Intangible heritage is not reduced exclusively to tourism and to other kinds of activity oriented towards the extraction of income. The recording of the spatial conditions of the transmission of practices and of the links of intangible heritage with tangible objects and territories is ensured.
6.2.6 Lost and degraded elements of the historic environment
Lost or degraded elements of the historic environment are identified: lost buildings and structures, impaired fragments of the planning structure, degraded landscape elements, lost visual links (4.3.12). The assessment of the possibility and the appropriateness of regeneration is carried out in 7.3.
6.2.7 Record documentation of cultural heritage objects
The subjects of protection of cultural heritage objects, protection obligations, technical condition reports, cadastral registration data, information on encumbrances, and information on owners and users are collected (4.4.5, 5.4.4, item c). Protection obligations and technical condition reports are regarded as documents that are updated: the date and the status of currency are recorded, and not only the fact that a file exists. The completeness and currency of the record documentation are a condition of bringing objects into economic use and the basis of investment passports.
6.2.8 Historical, archival and archaeological data
The results of historical and archival surveys, historical and cultural reference plans, data of archaeological studies and observations, historical iconography and cartography, and oral testimony are collected; information on the historical development of the territory, on the formation of the planning structure and the built fabric, and on the dynamics of change; data on lost objects and elements of the historic environment. Recommendations on the composition and layers of the historical and cultural reference plan are given in Annex D.
6.3 Spatial and urban-planning data
The data of this subclause secure the implementation of principles 4.3.4, 4.3.6 and 4.5.1 and of the scope (5.3), and are used in the analysis under 7.4.
6.3.1 Documents of territorial planning and urban-planning zoning
The master plan (where one exists), general plans, land-use and development rules, territory planning projects and schemes of territorial planning are collected; information on construction permits issued and on planned projects; materials and information contained in the state information system for urban-planning activity and in the federal state information system for territorial planning.
6.3.2 Planning structure
Information is collected on the street and road network, the system of blocks, squares, spatial axes, compositional links and morphotypes of development; data on the preservation of the historic planning structure and on the sections where it is impaired.
6.3.3 Landscape and spatial organization
Data are collected on the relief, water bodies, the system of planting and natural territories; visual openings, panoramas and visual corridors; landscape dominants and landmarks; the relationship of built-up and open spaces. All landscapes of the territory of the historic settlement are taken into account, including everyday landscapes and those in need of restoration (4.2.2).
6.3.4 Characteristics of the built fabric
Data are collected on the typology of buildings and structures, the number of storeys, the density of development, materials, structural systems, the period of construction and the technical condition; spatial-volumetric, stylistic and compositional features; the interrelationship with the natural landscape.
6.3.5 Engineering and transport infrastructure
Data are collected on the networks and facilities of engineering provision: water supply, wastewater disposal, heat supply, electricity supply, gas supply, communications; their capacities, condition, degree of wear and constraints; on transport infrastructure — the street and road network, public transport, parking space, pedestrian and bicycle accessibility (4.1.4). Data are also collected on social infrastructure facilities: education, healthcare, culture, sport and recreation, including their location, capacity and accessibility.
The conditions of technological connection to the networks, within the competence of the relevant entities, are included in the data on investment readiness.
6.3.6 Land use
Data are collected on the functional use of territories and objects and on the legal regime of land plots; on the relationship of residential, public and business, industrial, recreational and other functions; on vacant, underused and conflicting territories.
6.4 Social data and data on interested parties
The data of this subclause secure the implementation of principles 4.2.1–4.2.5 and the refinement of the objectives of 5.2 and 5.4.2, and are used in the analysis under 7.2 and 7.5. The identification of parties carried out at the preliminary setting of objectives (5.2) is not repeated: this subclause collects and refines the data for the refinement of objectives on the basis of the analysis results.
6.4.1 Demographic data
Data are collected on the size of the population, the age and sex structure, population dynamics and migration processes: inflow, outflow, pendulum migration; demographic forecasts; population density by territorial units; data on households.
6.4.2 Socio-cultural data
Data are collected on the cultural customs, practices and values of interested parties; on the identity and the sense of belonging of residents; on the perception of the authenticity of the historic environment; on social cohesion and the readiness of residents for the joint transformation of the environment; on local communities and their links with the territory. The values of residents are mapped at the level of the person for subsequent reconciliation with the values of the city and the region (4.2.3, 5.4.2.1).
6.4.3 Refinement of data on interested parties
For the groups identified in 5.2, data are collected and refined on interests, the degree of influence, intentions, potential conflicts and readiness to participate (5.2.4). Communities, groups and individuals who are bearers and practitioners of intangible heritage are included in the collection.
6.4.4 Data on the competence of interested parties
Information is collected on the level of awareness and competence of interested parties in the field of sustainable development and the preservation of heritage, and on the needs for the development of competence (4.2.1, 5.2.3).
6.4.5 Data on quality of life, access and social risks
Data are collected on residents' perception of the quality of the living environment, comfort, safety, and the accessibility of services and facilities; on satisfaction with the activity of governing bodies; on indicators of the health and safety of the population (5.4.3). The data necessary for taking into account the asymmetry of protection burdens and the risks of displacement of residents and of gentrification are recorded (4.2.5, 5.2.6).
6.4.6 Education, culture and creative potential
Data are collected on educational and cultural institutions, programmes and personnel; on creative industries, creative spaces and creative entrepreneurship; on events in the field of culture, education and heritage; on personnel potential in the field of restoration, preservation of heritage and urban planning (4.2.1, 4.4.4).
6.5 Economic data
The data of this subclause secure the implementation of principles 4.4.1–4.4.7 and of the objectives of 5.4.4, items b)–c), and are used in the analysis under 7.5.
6.5.1 Macroeconomic indicators of the territory
Data are collected on employment and unemployment, the structure of the economy by sectors, the volume and dynamics of investment, and the incomes of the population; on small and medium-sized entrepreneurship; the principal economic indicators in comparison with similar territories and with the average values for the region.
6.5.2 Socio-economic value of heritage
Data are collected on the contribution of cultural heritage to the economy and the social life of the territory: income associated with the use of heritage; the volume and structure of the creative and cultural industries; the effect of heritage on the value of real estate and on the attractiveness of the territory; the contribution to identity, education and social cohesion; data on the positioning and the brand of the territory (4.4.1, 4.4.3). Data on tourism are included in the contribution and do not replace other measurements of value.
6.5.3 Investment environment and the readiness of heritage
The technical, economic, organizational and legal parameters of cultural heritage objects and historic territories are collected; information on the form of ownership and on encumbrances; the existence and composition of investment passports; data on investment projects on the territory (4.4.5, 5.4.4, item c).
An object investment passport is the lower level of the hierarchy of passports: from the object to the historic settlement. Where a passport exists, the collection includes, at least: historical and protection information; a description of the real-estate object; the land plot; engineering and transport infrastructure; the conditions of transfer; obligations of restoration or preservation; contacts and additional materials. The form of the passport of a subject of the Russian Federation is not approved by this standard.
The existence and content of a regional or municipal plan for bringing cultural heritage objects that are in an unsatisfactory condition into use are included in the source data. The plan for bringing objects into use is source data of the sustainable development documentation, and not a development programme of the historic settlement.
6.5.4 Tourist flows and load
Data are collected on tourist flows: volume, seasonality, structure, dynamics; on tourist infrastructure; on the load on the historic environment and the local community (4.3.11). Data on tourism do not replace the data of 6.2 and 6.4 and are not the sole measurement of the value of heritage.
6.5.5 Budget data
Data are collected on the revenues and expenditures of the local budget; on expenditure on the maintenance and development of the territory; on expenditure on the preservation of cultural heritage objects and of the historic environment; on the sources of financing of development programmes; on federal, regional and municipal programmes implemented on the territory.
6.6 Data on the natural landscape and the environment
The data of this subclause secure the implementation of principles 4.2.2 and 4.3.4 and of the objectives of 5.4.3, items b)–d), and are used in the analysis under 7.6. This subclause does not establish separate mandatory climate requirements.
6.6.1 Condition of the natural landscape
Data are collected on natural territories, specially protected natural territories and public green spaces; on the condition of water bodies, the soil cover and vegetation.
6.6.2 Environmental quality
Data are collected on the quality of atmospheric air, water bodies and soils; on the level of noise, insolation and aeration; monitoring data; information on identified sources of adverse environmental impact.
6.6.3 Climatic parameters of the territory
The principal climatic parameters of the territory are collected as a factor of the condition of the historic environment, together with information on the identified effect of climatic factors on cultural heritage objects and the historic environment.
6.6.4 Resource consumption
Data are collected on energy consumption, water consumption and waste management on the territory.
6.7 Regulatory data and data on the management system
The data of this subclause secure the implementation of principles 4.3.8, 4.5.4 and 4.5.5 and of the zones of authority (5.3.2), and are used in the analysis under 7.7.
6.7.1 Regulatory framework
A list of the applicable regulatory legal acts is collected: the legislation on cultural heritage objects (Federal Law No. 73-FZ [1] and the subordinate acts), urban-planning legislation, the standards of urban-planning design, the legislation on strategic planning (Federal Law No. 172-FZ [5]), the legislation in the field of environmental protection, and regional and municipal regulatory legal acts. The analysis of gaps and conflicts is carried out in 7.7.
6.7.2 Documents of strategic planning
The Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation is collected; the documents of territorial planning of the Russian Federation and of the subject of the Russian Federation; the master plan (where one exists); the strategies of socio-economic development of the region and of the municipality; the state and municipal programmes implemented on the territory; the national projects; the regional sustainable development objectives (where they exist); other programme and planning documents that determine the priorities of the development of the territory (5.5.3).
6.7.3 Constraints and regulations in force
The regimes and the requirements for the urban-planning regulations of the protection zones of cultural heritage objects are collected; the urban-planning regulations within the boundaries of the historic settlement; easements; other constraints on economic activity; the technical conditions in force for connection to engineering networks. The completeness, currency and date of the documents are recorded.
6.7.4 Information on the management system
Information is collected on the existing organizational structures, coordination mechanisms and procedures of cross-sector interaction; on the competence and resources available; on the zones of direct management, of influence and of the external context (5.3.2). This clause does not establish a maturity scale for the management system.
6.8 Data on trends and external factors
The data of this subclause secure the implementation of principles 4.5.2 and 4.5.3 and of 5.7, and are used in the analysis under 7.8.
6.8.1 Technological trends
Information is collected on forecast technological changes capable of affecting the development of the territory: new models of mobility, a change in the structure of the vehicle fleet, unmanned technologies, the digitalization of urban processes, technologies in the field of energy and construction; on the time horizons of the realization of the trends (4.5.3).
6.8.2 Social and demographic trends
Information is collected on identified and forecast changes in the structure of the population, the way of life, models of consumption and behaviour, and the structure of employment; on tendencies of urbanization and suburbanization, preferences for the living environment, and migration processes.
6.8.3 Economic trends
Information is collected on sectoral and regional economic tendencies; on changes in the structure of the economy, of markets and of the investment environment; on tendencies in the development of tourism and the creative industries; on forecasts of economic development.
6.8.4 Data for comparative analysis
Comparative data are collected for similar historic settlements and territories; indicators that make it possible to compare the current state of the territory with the standardized indicators of GOST R ISO 37120 [6] and, where necessary, with the indicators of GOST R ISO 37122 and GOST R ISO 37123; information on good practice and on projects implemented on similar territories.
6.9 Data format and the information system
The requirements of this subclause secure the implementation of principles 4.1.3, 4.5.10 and 4.5.11. Sustainable development documents function as an information system of the territory. The source data are organized as the content of this system, and not as a static set of materials at the moment of approval of the documentation. The recommended approach to AI-readiness is given in Annex C.
6.9.1 Geoinformation referencing
Data that admit spatial localization are referenced to a single spatial model of the territory. The spatial model is built on a single electronic cartographic base and on the data of the state funds of spatial data. Information on cultural heritage objects, their territories, protection zones and the boundaries of the territory of the historic settlement is taken from the unified state register of cultural heritage objects, the Unified state register of real estate and the state information system for urban-planning activity. Compatibility is ensured with the state information system for urban-planning activity, the federal state information system for territorial planning and other information systems used for territorial management.
6.9.2 Compatibility with the indicator system
The structure and format of the source data make it possible to calculate the sustainable development indicators (in accordance with Annex B), the standardized indicators of GOST R ISO 37120 [6] and, where the reference crosswalk is used, the indicators of GOST R ISO 37122 and GOST R ISO 37123. For an indicator, at least the current value, the unit of measurement, the data source, the date of updating and the reference to the territorial unit are recorded.
6.9.3 Updatability and versioning of the baseline
For each kind of data the date of recording and the recommended periodicity of updating are established. The storage format makes it possible to track changes over time and to keep versions of the baseline. After the documentation is approved, the information system continues to update the baseline on the basis of the results of monitoring.
6.9.4 Openness and machine readability
Source data, to the extent that this does not contradict the legislation on the protection of information, are made accessible to interested parties. Information on the investment readiness of objects is made accessible in open information resources (4.4.5, 4.5.10). The results of this Clause are presented as structured data in a machine-readable form.
The digital catalogue of investment proposals and the platform for the placement of passports belong to open data and do not replace the information system (11.6).